Challenges in the small district heating area in denmark. Also big heat accumulators are used widely to ensure stable and safe heat. District heating in the core of smart energy denmark has shown that it is possible to balance a power system with more than 50% wind power. District heating traces its roots to the hot waterheated baths and greenhouses of the ancient roman empire. District heating denmark 60% of heat demand sweden 50% of heat demand about 12% of heat demands in germany and austria about 12% of heat demands in europe common in russia and china, called district energy in us. Thomas schmidt a and per alex sorensen b a solites steinbeis research institute for solar and sustainable thermal energy systems, meitnerstra. Change in heat load profile for typical danish multistorey. Background report on eu27 district heating and cooling. In denmark, the change is mainly due to a political 100% renewable energy target. This study analyses the company fusions in the danish district heating sector, in the context of district heating consumer prices. District heating in copenhagen 1 district heating has been an important part of the past development of energy. Review 4th generation district heating 4gdh integrating smart thermal grids into future sustainable energy systems henrik lunda, sven wernerb, robin wiltshirec, svend svendsend, jan eric thorsene, frede hvelplunda, brian vad mathiesenf adepartment of development and planning, aalborg university, vestre havnepromenade 9, dk9000 aalborg, denmark b school of business and engineering. According to, the fundamental idea of district heating is to use local fuel or heat resources that would otherwise be wasted, in order to satisfy local customer demands for heating, by using a heat distribution network of pipes as a local market place. Daily heat load variations in swedish district heating systems.
The heat is often obtained from a cogeneration plant burning fossil fuels or biomass, but heatonly boiler stations, geothermal heating. District heating also known as heat networks or teleheating is a system for distributing heat generated in a centralized location through a system of insulated pipes for residential and commercial heating requirements such as space heating and water heating. Because of the high efficiency and flexibility in the district heating and combined heat and power system, it is a key element of. Modeling and optimization article pdf available in frontiers in built environment 2 october 2016 with 1,931 reads how we measure reads. Traditional excess heat resources are combined heat and power chp plants, wastetoenergy wte plants, and industrial. District heating is characterized by well planned and prepared service operation. It is my goal and hope that my analysis and conclusions can be an inspiration for the district heating sector in their pursuit for optimization of the district heating system. Large networks include a huge amount of energy, which gives time to take actions in emergency cases. Linking heat and electricity systems webinar 5 june 2014. The danish district heating prices are discussed based on the statistics and the heating districts of the country are organized into categories based on price ranges. The range bars represent the amount of district heating that is economically feasible within a 0,5% total annual energy system cost change sensitivity. Poster session presented at cities annual conference, kgs. Changes in demand for heating, cooling and district heating and cooling, 20152030 33 figure 7. Pdf comparison of district heating systems used in china and.
Danish experiences on district heating energistyrelsen. District heating tariffs, economic optimisation and local. China has one of the largest district heating dh markets in the world with total district heat sales in 2011 amounting to 2,810,220 tj. Storing and balancing wind power using the district heating systems is a profound solution. Denmark is also one of the most energy efficient countries in the world.
In sweden, oil heating has been largely replaced by district heating and heat pumps. District heating in denmark erik christiansen author. District heating and district cooling in norway ssb. Converting steambased district heating systems to hot water. Hot cool magazine hot cool the international district energy magazine. District heating is good for you financially and good for society as a whole.
The share of renewable heating has shown a slight upward trend since 2003 and the variation has mostly been dependent on the proportion of fuel oil used for district heating production. District heating and cooling enable efficient energy. District heating and cooling generation mix in reference case in 2030 34. We would like to share with you a new recommendation on correct water treatment from danish district heating association the association which counts 350 district.
Abstract denmark has a longterm objective of being free of fossil fuels by 2050 with the energysupplymix for buildings being free of fossil fuels by 2035. Background report on eu heating and cooling potentials. Low temperature district heating aalborg universitet. Seasonal storage for solar district heating iea shc solar academy task 55, march 2019 jan erik nielsen btes cost limited cost data is available for the implementation of borehole thermal energy storages. Chp share in the public electricity production 17% total the district heating customers are. Path dependency in provision of domestic heating nature. Publications dbdh produces a variety of publications alone and in cooperation with read more. This has increased the focus on flexible dhchp systems using, for example, heat storage, electric boilers, heat pumps, and bypass of power turbines, to support. The main services available from a district heating system are space heating, hot water distribution, and space cooling. Change in heat load profile for typical danish multi. Introduction and development of the swedish district. The district heating dh system is a cornerstone in. Baseline share of district heating in 2015 and the minimum recommended level of district heating share in hre4. Danish co2reduction from dh and chp 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70.
The flexheat district heating plant at copenhagens nordhavn harbor emits 315 fewer tonnes per annum of co 2 than the lpg gasbased alternative. Introduction and development of the swedish district heating. These 10 steps and the best practice policies form the basis of the district energy in cities initiative methodology and have been adapted and tailored to different local contexts and needs during support and. It used geothermal energy to provide heat for about 30 houses and started operation in the 14th century.
Since district heating is an important substitute to electricity, the increase in the electricity price has been an important reason for the growth in the price. Decentralized substations for lowtemperature district. Solar district heating in the peoples republic of china. Solar district heating technology and market overview. Lowdensity residential areas have usually not been attractive markets for district heating, although there have been. These factors make district heating and cooling systems most attractive in serving 1 industrial complexes, 2 densely populated urban areas, and 3 highdensity building clusters with high thermal loads. Minimum available manual and frequency reserves are included for the total.
Further, the data is translated into a dkkkwh format in. District heating in canavese, milan an example of a gas engine plus heat pump district heating scheme 170 23. The widespread use of district heating dh and combined heat and power chp is. Heat supply in denmark 5 foreword very few people are likely to know that there are more than two and a half million domestic heating installations in denmark. Denmark s co2emission would have been 811 million tons higher without district heating and chp. Monitoring results from large scale heat storages for district heating in denmark. Request pdf industrial excess heat for district heating in denmark excess heat is. The dh is based on a typical interconnected grid at the transport level and a radial grid at the distribution level.
Fast forward 40 years from the original oil crisis and district heating networks provide heat to a whopping 63% of danish households. Denmark is one of the most energy efficient countries in the world. The tender documents should at least contain a description of the following. Combined heat and power, heat pumps, district heating, energy systems analysis, optimisation. For most district heating systems a 1year data set is collected, but for two district heating systems 5 and 6 years of data sets respectively are collected. Many of these, almost a half million, are district heating dh installations. Comparison of district heating systems used in china and. Solar district heating has enjoyed increasing attention from all across europe and china, triggered by denmark s enormous growth rates in the field. Larsen3, bengt sunden4 1 department of energy sciences, lund university, lund, sweden, p. In the united kingdom, natural gas dominates the provision of heating in buildings. Consultant engineers 30 years years with renewable energy biomass biogas solar thermal heat pumps district heating energy planning.
In europe, dh systems are particularly common in sweden, finland, denmark, the baltic countries and eastern europe. Apr 29, 2019 in the united kingdom, natural gas dominates the provision of heating in buildings. Spare parts and services are available all day long, every day of the year. Denmarks national energy efficiency action plan neeap. Industrial excess heat for district heating in denmark request pdf. About dbdh dbdh is denmarks leading district heating export organisation. Larsen, risoe national laboratory, roskildedenmark dynamic performance of a. District heatingchp is the most important factor behind denmarks co2reduction. The district heating connected load in germany is approximately. It was therefore relevant for me to address this issue and to elaborate the consequences of this transition.
In areas with large shares of combined heat and power chp production, a significant. Denmarks co2emission would have been 811 million tons higher without district heating and chp. A recent study investigated the feasibility of supplying space heating with lowtemperature district heating ltdh without compromising on comfort 2, which indicates that with. This multiyear data is used to analyse the daily heat load variation between different years, later presented in the result section. Is chpdh economic in denmark because of the colder climate, and not therefore. To realize this potential, 21,500 new district heating systems need to be established by 2050, of which 16,500 before 2035. Where district heating is not available, try to make the best use of the available alternatives, especially renewable energy. District heating is such a concept, which is common in many countries where space heating of buildings is required, for example iceland, latvia and denmark.
Denmark has become a net exporter of oil and expects to remain. The figure shows the specific cost for installed and conceptual btes. World leader in biogas reduces co2 emissions by 50,000 t annually. District heating and chp have reduced denmarks co2emission by 20%. District heating plays a key role in the danish energy system denmark is one of the most energyefficient countries in the world. Linear heat density in denmark and china in 2007 and 2011.
There are another 364 mwth in continue reading top district heating countries. Integration of largescale heat pumps in the district. The recommended minimum levels take into account cost efficient. Denmark has for many years been known as a leading country within district heating this as the scale of district heating is huge 65% of the countrys total heat demand. It is clear that the specific cost drops significantly as the size. Today, over 80% of dh is coproduced with electricity. Usually, a hot water distribution system in chaudesaigues in france is regarded as the first real district heating system. This report focuses on sweden, where district heating. Only dh if a feasibility study documents lower consumer prices and economic benefits for dh. District heating and chp have reduced denmark s co2emission by 20%. Dynamic performance of a district heating system in madumvej. Regulation and planning of district heating in denmark.
Thermal storage 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 electricity phs thermal gas cavern liquid fuel y y price cycle efficiency. Nevertheless, it still has great potential for further expanding its dh supply, due to rapid urbanization and the demand to improve the quality of life. Ebo consult as dh i europe district heating and cooling, country by country. This technology is called cogenerated heat and elec. In a district heating system, heat is distributed through a network of hotwater pipes from heatsupplying. A district heating system with 100% re 50% solar thermal a seasonal heat storage a heat pump district heating system consisting of 33,300 m2 solar plant 75,000 m3 storagepit heat storage 1. Solar district heating has enjoyed increasing attention from all across europe and china, triggered by denmarks enormous growth rates in the field. Aalborg universitet heat roadmap europe 4 quantifying the. Lowering district heating temperatures impact to system performance in current and. Microsoft powerpoint district heating in denmark erik christiansen author. District energy has the potential to cover 50% of the anticipated heating demand in 2050. Until the end of last year, the scandinavian country had seen 577 mw of solar thermal power fed into 79 district heating networks mostly run by municipalities.
In a future energy system based on renewable energy, district heating will remain a corner stone. The analysis uses the city of aalborg, denmark, as a case where municipalisation through. The increased use of district heating, in particular in the 1960s and 70s, increasingly revealed the disadvantage of steambased systems. Seasonal storage for solar district heating iea shc solar academy task 55, march 2019 jan erik nielsen experiences from denmark planenergi consultant engineers 40 employees 35 years with renewable heating o biomass, biogas, solar heat, heat jan erik nielsen pumps, district heating. Bohm, technical university of denmark, lyngbydenmark h. Dynamic performance of a district heating system in. Monitoring results from large scale heat storages for. Residents living in dwellings with district heating systems in denmark 20102016 number of district heating customers in finland 20072017 number of dwellings using district heating in. District heating systems dh systems can play an important role in increasing the use of res for heating purposes and in reducing overall primary energy consumption. Accordingly, individual heating should change from accounting for 82% of annual heat sector investment costs to 44%. Solar district heating ises webinar march 29, 2016 1. Some countries such as denmark, sweden, norway, and lithuania apply very distinct legal frameworks in special district heating laws, while other countries such as finland, united kingdom, france, and usa just apply ordinary energy and competition laws for the district heating and cooling activities.
1628 449 185 221 1382 1036 922 1326 1237 1440 917 1059 136 11 438 332 1002 1165 182 1476 1267 772 1001 701 366 321 40 513 1259 1223